Internal tide generation by abyssal hills using analytical theory
Identifieur interne : 004A35 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004A34; suivant : 004A36Internal tide generation by abyssal hills using analytical theory
Auteurs : Angélique Melet [États-Unis] ; Maxim Nikurashin [Australie] ; Caroline Muller [France] ; S. Falahat [Suède] ; Jonas Nycander [Suède] ; Patrick G. Timko [Royaume-Uni] ; Brian K. Arbic [États-Unis] ; John A. Goff [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans [ 2169-9275 ] ; 2013-11.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Circulation méridienne de retournement, Circulation océanique, Circulation thermohaline, Colline sous marine, Conversion énergie, Correction, Dorsale Médio-Atlantique, Dorsale Pacifique Est, Dorsale océanique, Energie marémotrice, Fond marin, Navette spatiale, Observation radar, Onde interne, Rugosité, Stratification, Théorie linéaire, Topographie, Transfert énergie.
- Wicri :
- topic : Conversion de l'énergie, Fond marin, énergie marémotrice.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Abyssal, Abyssal hill, Abyssal hill roughness, Abyssal hills, Acoustic, Acoustic data, Arbic, Baroclinic, Barotropic, Barotropic tides, Bathymetric, Bathymetric product, Bathymetric products, Bathymetric spectra, Bathymetry, Continuous lines, Cutoff length, Deep ocean, Dissipation, East Pacific Rise, East rise, Energy conversion, Geophys, Global, Global energy, Global energy conversion, Global ocean, Global rate, Goff, Grid, Hanning filter, Horizontal wavelength, Internal tide generation, Internal tides, Internal waves, Laurent, Linear theory, Linear wave theory, Llewellyn smith, Lter, Melet, Meridional overturning circulation, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Multibeam data, Nikurashin, Nycander, Oceanic, Oceanogr, Phys, Radar observation, Real space, Real space calculation, Rough topography, Roughness, Sandwell, Spectral space, Subcritical, Supercritical, Supercritical slopes, Synthetic abyssal hill roughness, Tidal, Tidal ellipse, Tidal energy, Tidal energy conversion, Tidal excursion, Tidal velocities, Tidal velocity, Tide, Topographic, Topographic roughness, Topography, Total energy, Uxes, Wavenumber, abyssal hills, corrections, energy transfer, internal waves, mid-ocean ridges, ocean circulation, ocean floors, roughness, space shuttle, stratification, thermohaline circulation, tidal energy, topography.
- Teeft :
- Abyssal, Abyssal hill, Abyssal hill roughness, Abyssal hills, Acoustic, Acoustic data, Arbic, Baroclinic, Barotropic, Barotropic tides, Bathymetric, Bathymetric product, Bathymetric products, Bathymetric spectra, Bathymetry, Continuous lines, Cutoff length, Deep ocean, Dissipation, East rise, Energy conversion, Geophys, Global, Global energy, Global energy conversion, Global ocean, Global rate, Goff, Grid, Hanning filter, Horizontal wavelength, Internal tide generation, Internal tides, Internal waves, Laurent, Linear theory, Linear wave theory, Llewellyn smith, Lter, Melet, Multibeam data, Nikurashin, Nycander, Oceanic, Oceanogr, Phys, Real space, Real space calculation, Rough topography, Roughness, Sandwell, Spectral space, Subcritical, Supercritical, Supercritical slopes, Synthetic abyssal hill roughness, Tidal, Tidal ellipse, Tidal energy, Tidal energy conversion, Tidal excursion, Tidal velocities, Tidal velocity, Tide, Topographic, Topographic roughness, Topography, Total energy, Uxes, Wavenumber.
Abstract
Internal tide driven mixing plays a key role in sustaining the deep ocean stratification and meridional overturning circulation. Internal tides can be generated by topographic horizontal scales ranging from hundreds of meters to tens of kilometers. State of the art topographic products barely resolve scales smaller than ∼10 km in the deep ocean. On these scales abyssal hills dominate ocean floor roughness. The impact of abyssal hill roughness on internal‐tide generation is evaluated in this study. The conversion of M2 barotropic to baroclinic tidal energy is calculated based on linear wave theory both in real and spectral space using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission SRTM30_PLUS bathymetric product at 1/120° resolution with and without the addition of synthetic abyssal hill roughness. Internal tide generation by abyssal hills integrates to 0.1 TW globally or 0.03 TW when the energy flux is empirically corrected for supercritical slope (i.e., ∼10% of the energy flux due to larger topographic scales resolved in standard products in both cases). The abyssal hill driven energy conversion is dominated by mid‐ocean ridges, where abyssal hill roughness is large. Focusing on two regions located over the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge and the East Pacific Rise, it is shown that regionally linear theory predicts an increase of the energy flux due to abyssal hills of up to 100% or 60% when an empirical correction for supercritical slopes is attempted. Therefore, abyssal hills, unresolved in state of the art topographic products, can have a strong impact on internal tide generation, especially over mid‐ocean ridges.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/2013JC009212
Affiliations:
- Australie, France, Royaume-Uni, Suède, États-Unis
- New Jersey, Svealand, Texas, Île-de-France
- Austin (Texas), Palaiseau, Stockholm
- Université de Stockholm, Université du Texas à Austin
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Falahat</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Stockholm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nycander, Jonas" sort="Nycander, Jonas" uniqKey="Nycander J" first="Jonas" last="Nycander">Jonas Nycander</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Stockholm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Timko, Patrick G" sort="Timko, Patrick G" uniqKey="Timko P" first="Patrick G." last="Timko">Patrick G. Timko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Applied Marine Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Menai Bridge</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arbic, Brian K" sort="Arbic, Brian K" uniqKey="Arbic B" first="Brian K." last="Arbic">Brian K. Arbic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Michigan, Ann Arbor</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ann Arbor</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goff, John A" sort="Goff, John A" uniqKey="Goff J" first="John A." last="Goff">John A. Goff</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, Austin</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Texas à Austin</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Austin (Texas)</settlement><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: OCEANS</title><idno type="ISSN">2169-9275</idno><idno type="eISSN">2169-9291</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">118</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="6303">6303</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="6318">6318</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">16</biblScope><date type="published" when="2013-11">2013-11</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">2169-9275</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">2169-9275</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Abyssal</term><term>Abyssal hill</term><term>Abyssal hill roughness</term><term>Abyssal hills</term><term>Acoustic</term><term>Acoustic data</term><term>Arbic</term><term>Baroclinic</term><term>Barotropic</term><term>Barotropic tides</term><term>Bathymetric</term><term>Bathymetric product</term><term>Bathymetric products</term><term>Bathymetric spectra</term><term>Bathymetry</term><term>Continuous lines</term><term>Cutoff length</term><term>Deep ocean</term><term>Dissipation</term><term>East Pacific Rise</term><term>East rise</term><term>Energy conversion</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Global</term><term>Global energy</term><term>Global energy conversion</term><term>Global ocean</term><term>Global rate</term><term>Goff</term><term>Grid</term><term>Hanning filter</term><term>Horizontal wavelength</term><term>Internal tide generation</term><term>Internal tides</term><term>Internal waves</term><term>Laurent</term><term>Linear theory</term><term>Linear wave theory</term><term>Llewellyn smith</term><term>Lter</term><term>Melet</term><term>Meridional overturning circulation</term><term>Mid-Atlantic Ridge</term><term>Multibeam data</term><term>Nikurashin</term><term>Nycander</term><term>Oceanic</term><term>Oceanogr</term><term>Phys</term><term>Radar observation</term><term>Real space</term><term>Real space calculation</term><term>Rough topography</term><term>Roughness</term><term>Sandwell</term><term>Spectral space</term><term>Subcritical</term><term>Supercritical</term><term>Supercritical slopes</term><term>Synthetic abyssal hill roughness</term><term>Tidal</term><term>Tidal ellipse</term><term>Tidal energy</term><term>Tidal energy conversion</term><term>Tidal excursion</term><term>Tidal velocities</term><term>Tidal velocity</term><term>Tide</term><term>Topographic</term><term>Topographic roughness</term><term>Topography</term><term>Total energy</term><term>Uxes</term><term>Wavenumber</term><term>abyssal hills</term><term>corrections</term><term>energy transfer</term><term>internal waves</term><term>mid-ocean ridges</term><term>ocean circulation</term><term>ocean floors</term><term>roughness</term><term>space shuttle</term><term>stratification</term><term>thermohaline circulation</term><term>tidal energy</term><term>topography</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Circulation méridienne de retournement</term><term>Circulation océanique</term><term>Circulation thermohaline</term><term>Colline sous marine</term><term>Conversion énergie</term><term>Correction</term><term>Dorsale Médio-Atlantique</term><term>Dorsale Pacifique Est</term><term>Dorsale océanique</term><term>Energie marémotrice</term><term>Fond marin</term><term>Navette spatiale</term><term>Observation radar</term><term>Onde interne</term><term>Rugosité</term><term>Stratification</term><term>Théorie linéaire</term><term>Topographie</term><term>Transfert énergie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Abyssal</term><term>Abyssal hill</term><term>Abyssal hill roughness</term><term>Abyssal hills</term><term>Acoustic</term><term>Acoustic data</term><term>Arbic</term><term>Baroclinic</term><term>Barotropic</term><term>Barotropic tides</term><term>Bathymetric</term><term>Bathymetric product</term><term>Bathymetric products</term><term>Bathymetric spectra</term><term>Bathymetry</term><term>Continuous lines</term><term>Cutoff length</term><term>Deep ocean</term><term>Dissipation</term><term>East rise</term><term>Energy conversion</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Global</term><term>Global energy</term><term>Global energy conversion</term><term>Global ocean</term><term>Global rate</term><term>Goff</term><term>Grid</term><term>Hanning filter</term><term>Horizontal wavelength</term><term>Internal tide generation</term><term>Internal tides</term><term>Internal waves</term><term>Laurent</term><term>Linear theory</term><term>Linear wave theory</term><term>Llewellyn smith</term><term>Lter</term><term>Melet</term><term>Multibeam data</term><term>Nikurashin</term><term>Nycander</term><term>Oceanic</term><term>Oceanogr</term><term>Phys</term><term>Real space</term><term>Real space calculation</term><term>Rough topography</term><term>Roughness</term><term>Sandwell</term><term>Spectral space</term><term>Subcritical</term><term>Supercritical</term><term>Supercritical slopes</term><term>Synthetic abyssal hill roughness</term><term>Tidal</term><term>Tidal ellipse</term><term>Tidal energy</term><term>Tidal energy conversion</term><term>Tidal excursion</term><term>Tidal velocities</term><term>Tidal velocity</term><term>Tide</term><term>Topographic</term><term>Topographic roughness</term><term>Topography</term><term>Total energy</term><term>Uxes</term><term>Wavenumber</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Conversion de l'énergie</term><term>Fond marin</term><term>énergie marémotrice</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Internal tide driven mixing plays a key role in sustaining the deep ocean stratification and meridional overturning circulation. Internal tides can be generated by topographic horizontal scales ranging from hundreds of meters to tens of kilometers. State of the art topographic products barely resolve scales smaller than ∼10 km in the deep ocean. On these scales abyssal hills dominate ocean floor roughness. The impact of abyssal hill roughness on internal‐tide generation is evaluated in this study. The conversion of M2 barotropic to baroclinic tidal energy is calculated based on linear wave theory both in real and spectral space using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission SRTM30_PLUS bathymetric product at 1/120° resolution with and without the addition of synthetic abyssal hill roughness. Internal tide generation by abyssal hills integrates to 0.1 TW globally or 0.03 TW when the energy flux is empirically corrected for supercritical slope (i.e., ∼10% of the energy flux due to larger topographic scales resolved in standard products in both cases). The abyssal hill driven energy conversion is dominated by mid‐ocean ridges, where abyssal hill roughness is large. Focusing on two regions located over the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge and the East Pacific Rise, it is shown that regionally linear theory predicts an increase of the energy flux due to abyssal hills of up to 100% or 60% when an empirical correction for supercritical slopes is attempted. Therefore, abyssal hills, unresolved in state of the art topographic products, can have a strong impact on internal tide generation, especially over mid‐ocean ridges.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suède</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>New Jersey</li><li>Svealand</li><li>Texas</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Austin (Texas)</li><li>Palaiseau</li><li>Stockholm</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Stockholm</li><li>Université du Texas à Austin</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="New Jersey"><name sortKey="Melet, Angelique" sort="Melet, Angelique" uniqKey="Melet A" first="Angélique" last="Melet">Angélique Melet</name></region><name sortKey="Arbic, Brian K" sort="Arbic, Brian K" uniqKey="Arbic B" first="Brian K." last="Arbic">Brian K. Arbic</name><name sortKey="Goff, John A" sort="Goff, John A" uniqKey="Goff J" first="John A." last="Goff">John A. Goff</name><name sortKey="Melet, Angelique" sort="Melet, Angelique" uniqKey="Melet A" first="Angélique" last="Melet">Angélique Melet</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nikurashin, Maxim" sort="Nikurashin, Maxim" uniqKey="Nikurashin M" first="Maxim" last="Nikurashin">Maxim Nikurashin</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Nikurashin, Maxim" sort="Nikurashin, Maxim" uniqKey="Nikurashin M" first="Maxim" last="Nikurashin">Maxim Nikurashin</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Muller, Caroline" sort="Muller, Caroline" uniqKey="Muller C" first="Caroline" last="Muller">Caroline Muller</name></region></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Falahat, S" sort="Falahat, S" uniqKey="Falahat S" first="S." last="Falahat">S. Falahat</name></region><name sortKey="Nycander, Jonas" sort="Nycander, Jonas" uniqKey="Nycander J" first="Jonas" last="Nycander">Jonas Nycander</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Timko, Patrick G" sort="Timko, Patrick G" uniqKey="Timko P" first="Patrick G." last="Timko">Patrick G. Timko</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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